{"id":433,"date":"2022-11-24T15:05:39","date_gmt":"2022-11-24T23:05:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webspace.royalroads.ca\/dfourt\/?p=433"},"modified":"2022-11-24T15:06:32","modified_gmt":"2022-11-24T23:06:32","slug":"drought","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webspace.royalroads.ca\/dfourt\/2022\/11\/drought\/","title":{"rendered":"Drought"},"content":{"rendered":"

When I started reading IPCC reports, I became aware of the various type of droughts. The following is a brief description of the types. Also, a graphic showing the climate drivers of drought and a table showing the primary impacts from the different drought categories.<\/p>\n

Drought<\/strong><\/p>\n

The primary contributing factor to drought is the lack of precipitation over a long enough period to cause severe hydrological impacts. See the Figure below for the climate drivers involved.<\/p>\n

\"Graphic<\/p>\n

From: Douville et al., 2021<\/p>\n

Meteorological drought<\/strong><\/p>\n

A persistent lack of precipitation over a long enough period causes a meteorological drought (Douville et al., 2021).<\/p>\n

Hydrological drought<\/strong><\/p>\n

As the drought persists over time, water supply within soil, streams, lakes and reservoirs decreases(Douville et al., 2021). These can be widespread and affect many eco and social functions, as shown in Table 1 (Loon, 2015).<\/p>\n

Agricultural drought<\/strong><\/p>\n

Agricultural drought occurs when soil moisture, due to a lack of precipitation and high atmospheric evaporation demand, becomes so abnormally low that the growing season and crop production are negatively affected (IPCC, 2021 & Douville et al., 2021).<\/p>\n

Ecological drought<\/strong><\/p>\n

Like agricultural drought, abnormally low soil moisture affects land or terrestrial ecosystems, including forests (IPCC, 2021). Insufficient moisture in the total soil water column affects tree roots and their ability to transport water and impedes the carbon cycle, weakening and ultimately killing the tree (Seneviratne et al., 2021). The structure of the soil can be damaged as well.<\/p>\n

Flash drought<\/strong><\/p>\n

Typically, droughts take time to develop; however, a flash drought can unexpectedly and rapidly evolve (Douville et al., 2021).<\/p>\n

Megadrought<\/strong><\/p>\n

Megadrought is a drought that occurs over many years (Douville et al., 2021).<\/p>\n

\"A<\/p>\n

From: Van Loon, 2015.<\/p>\n

References<\/strong><\/p>\n

Douville, H., K.\u00a0Raghavan, J.\u00a0Renwick, R.P.\u00a0Allan, P.A.\u00a0Arias, M.\u00a0Barlow, R.\u00a0Cerezo-Mota, A.\u00a0Cherchi, T.Y.\u00a0Gan, J.\u00a0Gergis, D.\u00a0 Jiang, A.\u00a0 Khan, W.\u00a0 Pokam Mba, D.\u00a0 Rosenfeld, J.\u00a0Tierney, and O.\u00a0 Zolina. (2021). Water Cycle Changes. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I\u00a0 to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change<\/em> [Masson-Delmotte, V., P.\u00a0Zhai, A.\u00a0Pirani, S.L.\u00a0Connors, C.\u00a0P\u00e9an, S.\u00a0Berger, N.\u00a0Caud, Y.\u00a0Chen, L.\u00a0Goldfarb, M.I.\u00a0Gomis, M.\u00a0Huang, K.\u00a0Leitzell, E.\u00a0Lonnoy, J.B.R.\u00a0Matthews, T.K.\u00a0Maycock, T.\u00a0Waterfield, O.\u00a0Yelek\u00e7i, R.\u00a0Yu, and B.\u00a0Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1055\u20131210, https:\/\/doi:10.1017\/9781009157896.010.<\/p>\n

IPCC. (2021). Annex VII: Glossary [Matthews, J.B.R., V. M\u00f6ller, R. van Diemen, J.S. Fuglestvedt, V. MassonDelmotte, C. M\u00e9ndez, S. Semenov, A. Reisinger (eds.)]. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change<\/em> [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. P\u00e9an, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelek\u00e7i, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 2215\u20132256, https:\/\/doi:10.1017\/9781009157896.022<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Seneviratne, S.I., X. Zhang, M. Adnan, W. Badi, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, S. Ghosh, I. Iskandar, J. Kossin, S. Lewis, F.\u00a0 Otto, I.\u00a0 Pinto, M. Satoh, S.M. Vicente-Serrano, M. Wehner, and B. Zhou. (2021). Weather and Climate Extreme Events in a\u00a0Changing Climate. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I\u00a0 to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change<\/em>. [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L.\u00a0Connors, C. P\u00e9an, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R.\u00a0 Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelek\u00e7i, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1513\u20131766, https:\/\/doi:10.1017\/9781009157896.013.<\/p>\n

Van Loon, A.F., (2015, July\/August). Hydrological drought explained. WIREs Water<\/em> 2015, 2:359\u2013392. doi: 10.1002\/wat2.1085<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

When I started reading IPCC reports, I became aware of the various type of droughts. The following is a brief description of the types. Also, a graphic showing the climate drivers of drought and a table showing the primary impacts from the different drought categories. Drought The primary contributing factor to drought is the lack […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1115,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-433","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cals-500"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Deanna","author_link":"https:\/\/webspace.royalroads.ca\/dfourt\/author\/dfourt\/"},"uagb_comment_info":1,"uagb_excerpt":"When I started reading IPCC reports, I became aware of the various type of droughts. The following is a brief description of the types. Also, a graphic showing the climate drivers of drought and a table showing the primary impacts from the different drought categories. 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